Wednesday, August 8, 2007

Breast Implants And Suicide, Substance Abuse

When things are found to be correlated, causation is often implied. In other words, if A is related to B, maybe A causes B. Of course equally likely is that B causes A, or that some unspecified third variable C causes both. Scholars call this "the directionality of the causal arrow."

Here Reuters reports one of these wonderful studies where one thing is found to be correlated with another. Swedish women who had breast implants were three times as likely to commit suicide as women who did not. Of course less than 1% of the implant group committed suicide, but that was still three times the rate for a control group.

Out of the 3500 women with implants studied over 19 years,

Women with breast implants also had a tripled risk of death from alcohol and drug use. "Thus, at least 38 deaths (22 percent of all deaths) in this implant cohort were associated with suicide, psychological disorders and/or drug and alcohol abuse/dependence," the researchers wrote.

While the implication is that implants cause suicide and substance abuse, that view is likely to be wrong. Instead view this data as saying that a woman is probably relatively unhappy with her appearance to undertake implants. Not surprisingly, some number of such unhappy women find implants do not banish their feelings of being somehow "wrong." Hence, implants, suicide and substance abuse are all responses to persistent unhappiness or clinical depression, aka variable C.