This is presented as though “overpolicing” is the cause of premature births. The actual cause, of course, is that living in a high crime neighborhood is associated with drug abuse, random gunfire, poverty, bad diet and generally unhealthy lifestyles.
It is the behavior of the inhabitants, mostly inflicted on each other, which brings about a greater-than-average police presence. Police, after all, go where the crime happens, that is their job.
Living where the crime happens could be shown to correlate with all manner of negative life outcomes. I would guess these include shorter lifespan, higher incidence of STDs and ODs, increased stress and mental illness, truancy, and unemployment.
Premature births among “birthing people” in high crime areas is no surprise, but the police don’t cause it. They show up because of the unlawful behavior of the residents of those stricken neighborhoods, behavior which is also unhealthy.