Instapundit links to an Ars Technica article about the suspected role of the Epstein-Barr virus in causing multiple sclerosis in a very few of those infected by it. The virus also causes mononucleosis in adolescents who haven’t been previously infected.
It turns out that in a group of military members who’d never been infected when they entered the service, those subsequently infected were 20-30 times more likely to develop MS than those who were not infected as adults. Since, however, most of us were infected as children and most so infected don’t develop MS, other factors are undoubtedly involved.