An article in Ars Technica looks at the ecological benefits of using human urine to fertilize cropland. It turns out to be a really good source of nitrogen and phosphorus. Apparently the Swedes use it.
If stored for six months at room temperature, urine self-sterilizes. The urea breaking down into ammonia naturally raises the pH too high for microorganisms to survive.
Even if we only diverted deposits in men's room urinals - relatively simple to do from a plumbing standpoint - a fair amount could be harvested.
I have to wonder if male dogs and humans peeing on trees hasn't been a boon to arboreal health and welfare. Sadly, fireplugs are unable to take advantage of the nutrients on offer.